Blockchain|
Bone (orthopaedics)|

Raj, Pethuru. ‘Empowering Digital Twins with Blockchain’. In Advances in Computers, 121:267–83. Elsevier, 2021.

Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality|
Bone (orthopaedics)|
Review articles|

Bjelland, Oystein, Bismi Rasheed, Hans Georg Schaathun, Morten D. Pedersen, Martin Steinert, Alf Inge Hellevik, and Robin T. Bye. ‘Toward a Digital Twin for Arthroscopic Knee Surgery: A Systematic Review’. IEEE Access 10 (2022): 45029–52.

Blockchain|
Bone (orthopaedics)|
Data-driven approaches|
Pandemic (virus related)|

Sahal, Radhya, Saeed H. Alsamhi, Kenneth N. Brown, Donna O’Shea, and Bader Alouffi. ‘Blockchain-Based Digital Twins Collaboration for Smart Pandemic Alerting: Decentralized COVID-19 Pandemic Alerting Use Case’. Edited by Ahmed Mostafa Khalil. Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (13 January 2022): 1–14.

Blockchain|
Bone (orthopaedics)|
Data-driven approaches|
Pandemic (virus related)|

Lu, Qiuchen, Zhen Ye, Zigeng Fang, Jiayin Meng, Michael Pitt, Jinyi Lin, Xiang Xie, and Long Chen. ‘Creating an Inter-Hospital Resilient Network for Pandemic Response Based on Blockchain and Dynamic Digital Twins’. In 2021 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC), 1–12. Phoenix, AZ, USA: IEEE, 2021.

Bone (orthopaedics)|
Data-driven approaches|
Image-based approaches|

Cho, Seoung-Won, Soo-Hwan Byun, Sangmin Yi, Won-Seok Jang, Jong-Cheol Kim, In-Young Park, and Byoung-Eun Yang. ‘Sagittal Relationship between the Maxillary Central Incisors and the Forehead in Digital Twins of Korean Adult Females’. Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 3 (13 March 2021): 203.

Bone (orthopaedics)|
Both Mechanistic and data-driven approaches|
Cell related|
Data-driven approaches|
Mechanistic approaches|
Opinion/commentary|
Software|

Hernigou, Philippe, and Marius M. Scarlat. ‘Ankle and Foot Surgery: From Arthrodesis to Arthroplasty, Three Dimensional Printing, Sensors, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning Technology, Digital Twins, and Cell Therapy’. International Orthopaedics 45, no. 9 (September 2021): 2173–76.

Bone (orthopaedics)|
Both Mechanistic and data-driven approaches|
Data-driven approaches|
Mechanistic approaches|
Software|

Hernigou, Philippe, Romain Olejnik, Adonis Safar, Sagi Martinov, Jacques Hernigou, and Bruno Ferre. ‘Digital Twins, Artificial Intelligence, and Machine Learning Technology to Identify a Real Personalized Motion Axis of the Tibiotalar Joint for Robotics in Total Ankle Arthroplasty’. International Orthopaedics 45, no. 9 (September 2021): 2209–17.

Bone (orthopaedics)|
Mechanistic approaches|
Trauma|

Aubert, Kévin, Arnaud Germaneau, Michel Rochette, Wenfeng Ye, Mathieu Severyns, Maxime Billot, Philippe Rigoard, and Tanguy Vendeuvre. ‘Development of Digital Twins to Optimize Trauma Surgery and Postoperative Management. A Case Study Focusing on Tibial Plateau Fracture’. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology 9 (7 October 2021): 722275.